Wednesday, April 30, 2014

End of Julius Caesar

We're not reading Acts 4 and 5 in class. (Honestly... they're not that exciting.)

If you're interested, here's a summary of the parts we're skipping:

Julius Caesar
Summary of Act IV

1.  After they formed the 2nd Triumvirate, Antony, Octavius, and Lepidus meet in Rome to decide which Romans will live and which will die.

2.  After some disagreements, the 3 leaders organize and agree that they must make immediate plans to combat the armies being organized by Brutus and Cassius.

3.  Brutus and Cassius meet up. Cassius is offended that Brutus has brushed him off. They have misunderstood each other. The two men then order their subordinates to lead off the armies and guard them as they all exit.

4.  Brutus and Cassius still misunderstand each other (it’s about pride and loyalty). Cassius accused Brutus of wronging him by taking bribes from the Sardians. Brutus accuses Cassius of a similar wrong. Finally, the two men agree to forgive one another and shake hands.

5.  The two men learn that Antony and Octavius are marching toward Philippi and that they have “put to death a hundred senators,” including Cicero. The messenger reports the death of Portia, but Brutus accepts this news stoically. Brutus proposes the army marches toward Philippi.

6.  That night, Brutus is quietly reading a book in his tent when he is interrupted by Caesar’s ghost. The ghost says it has appeared only to say that they will meet again at Philippi. The ghost then disappears.


Summary of Act V

1.  Octavius and Antony await Brutus and Cassius’s army. Octavius awaits on one side, Antony on the other. When they all meet up, the two sides hurl insults and accusations to one another.

2.  Octavius challenges Brutus and Cassius to fight now or whenever they muster the courage. Octavius, Antony, and their armies exit.

3.  Cassius has a feeling that he will never see Brutus again because the outcome of the battle is so dubious. They bid each other farewell.

4.  During the early course of the battle of Philippi, Brutus sends a message to Cassius to attack, the enemy is vulnerable.

5.  Cassius sees men retreating – Brutus’s forces, having driven back those of Octavius, are foraging about the battlefield for spoils, leaving Antony’s army free to encircle Cassius’ troops. Cassius sends Titinius to ride toward the soldiers that he sees in the distance and determine who they are. When a watch reports that he saw Titinius alight from his horse among soldiers who were shouting with joy, Cassius mistakenly concludes that Titinius has been taken prisoner by the enemy. He asks the watch to keep his oath of obedience and stab him, which he does. As he dies, Cassius says, “Caesar, thou art revenged, even with the sword that killed the.”

6.  There was no need for Cassius to die, because Titinius was getting off his horse among Brutus’s troops. When Titinius returns, he finds Cassius dead. Titinius then kills himself with Cassius’s sword.

7.  Brutus comes on stage and, seeing the dead Cassius, bids farewell to “the last of all the Romans.”

8.  During battle, Young Cato is killed, and Lucilius is captured by Antony’s soldiers, who think he is Brutus. Lucilius is kept under guard and when they realize he isn’t Brutus, Antony sends his solders to search for Brutus.

9.  The battle goes on – Brutus and his men are weary. Brutus asks Clitus and then Dardanius to kill him. They both refuse. Brutus tells Volumnius that Caesar’s ghost appeared to him again; he knows that it is time for him to die. Volumnius disagrees, but Brutus argues that the enemy has them cornered. Volumnius agrees to hold his sword steady while Brutus runs onto it, thus killing himself.


10.       When Antony’s forces arrive, he discovers Brutus. Antony delivers a brief and now-famous oration over the body of Brutus beginning, “This was the noblest Roman of them all.” Antony believes that all the other conspirators attacked Caesar because of personal envy; Brutus alone did it because he believed that it would be for the general good of Rome.

Tuesday, April 29, 2014

K/H Vocab 23/24

Here's the new vocab: Try not to include Cassius. He's feeling stabby.

On-Level Calendar

Right here: The New Calendar

K/H Calendar

Here's the new calendar: Right here

The Metamorphosis (Kafka)

Here it is: The Metamorphosis (PDF)
I hope you like it. :o)
Originally written in German by Franz Kafka, 1915.
I read it in its original language in college. Good times. :o)